OFFICE: HH-223
E MAIL: millera@middlesex.cc.ma.us
PHONE: 781- 280-3860
online: http://online.middlesex.cc.ma.us/sc2115/webpage.htm

Office Hours

Course Description
   Anatomy and Physiology II builds on the fundamentals studied in Anatomy and Physiology I by exploring the more intricate systems of the body. Emphasis is placed on the normal functions of Respiration, Circulation, Digestion and Metabolism, Excretion, and Reproduction. You will be asked to master the basic principles that explain each system through interactive exercises involving the computer, integrative writing, and laboratory experiments.

Attendance Policy
 In this course, absence is NOT the way to obtain success. Due to the comprehensive material covered, you are expected to be present at all nine sessions. You must play an active roll in learning; questioning the material and essay writing will be an essential component this semester.

Grading
You will receive a letter grade reflecting your participation, motivation, and writing in this course. I am  available during the office hours listed above to answer any questions and help you accomplish your goals throughout the semester. The grade will be calculated as follows:

Makeups
1. Missed exams must be made up within one week
2. Arrangement to attend another lab must be made with the instructor.

Objectives
As you investigate the body systems this semester, focus on the following objectives. They represent a summary of a unit of knowledge that you will acquire through textbook readings, lecture, discussions and the laboratory.

The Unit on the Respiratory System:
1. Contrast the events of expiration and inspiration as they apply to Boyle's Law.
2. Describe the symptoms of emphysema and how they alter pulmonary tests shown on a spirogram.
3. Explain the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide through the oxy-hemoglobin dissociation curve.

The Unit on the Cardiovascular System:
1. Compare the production and destruction of erythrocytes.
2. Summarize the structure/function relationship of the formed elements of the blood.
3. Compare the intrinsic and extrinsic clotting pathways.
4. Trace a drop of blood from the superior vena cava to the posterior descending artery.
5. Describe the events during the cardiac cycle.
6. Explain the factors that effect cardiac output by their influence over stroke volume and heart rate.
7. Explain how nutrients and wastes are exchanged at the capillary level.
8. Explain the function of the lymphatic system in combating disease.

The Unit on the Digestive System:
1. Analyze the relationship between gastric secretions and the cephalic, gastric, and intestinal phases
    that control the activity of the stomach.
2. Describe how the main functions of the liver are best served the structure of the liver lobule.
3. Summarize the hydrolysis of foods in the digestive tract.
4. Summarize the energy producing reactions that are part of the cell's carbohydrate metabolism.
5. Explain the transportation of cholesterol by lipoproteins and the risk factors they impose on the cardiovascular system.
6. Describe the fate of glucose, lipids, and amino acids in the absorptive and post- absorptive state.

The Unit on the Urinary System:
1. List the parts of gross and microscopic kidney anatomy.
2. Contrast the effects of kidney disease, hemorrhaging, stress, and angiotensin II on glomerular
    filtration.
3. Discuss tubular reabsorption and the influence of hormones.
4. Describe the roles of tubular secretion in maintaining the levels of the bicarbonate ion, sodium
    conservation and the acidification of  urine.

The Unit on the Reproductive System:
1. Describe the process of sperm formation by relating the development in the seminiferous tubule with
    hormonal control.
2. Summarize the major events of the menstrual cycle.

Course Outline
The following is a detailed outline of the material covered this semester. It lists the topics discussed each week as well as the text chapters and assignments. To prepare for each week, read the text chapter and  answer the reading questions.